S EX, POWER AND GOVERNMENT
- In his works, suggests that sexual emancipation is less revealing deeper truths about yourself or your desire that an element in the process of delineation and construction of desire. What practical consequences follow from this accurate?
What I meant is that, in my opinion, the gay movement has more need of a lifestyle than a science or scientific knowledge (or pseudo) of what is sexuality. Sexuality is part of our behavior is one element of our freedom. Sexuality is of our own - is a creation personal, non-disclosure of secret aspects of our desire. From and through our desires, we can establish new relationships, new forms and new ways of loving creation. Sex is not a fatality, no, it is a possibility of creative life.
· other words, the same conclusion comes when he says we should try to become gay and not just to reaffirm our identity homosexual.
precisely. There to give to the discovery of his own homosexuality.
· So its possible meaning?
Exactly. We must, rather, create a homosexual lifestyle. A become homosexuals.
· What is an open process?
course. If we examine the various ways through which individuals have experienced sexual freedom - the way that have shaped his life style, or is forced to conclude that sexuality, as we understand it today, has become one of most productive sources both in the social sphere and in life. Personally, I think that sexuality must be understood otherwise. It is commonly thought that sexuality lies at the heart of all creative cultural life, but rather a process is inseparable from our present need to create, in line with our sexual choices, a vital culture.
· One of the practical implications of this attempt at revelation has been that the gay movement has not passed the stage of the demand for political rights or civil liberties related to sexuality,
ie sexual emancipation has been limited to a mere demand for sexual tolerance.
Certainly, but it is an aspect we can not ignore. Input is essential that any individual has the opportunity and the right to choose their sexuality. Individual rights on the
sexuality are very important especially when many places are still ignored. At this point, we can not consider as a matter resolved. Since the early sixties there was undoubtedly an effective process of release, positive at both a practical and mentalities, but the issue is not completely stabilized. We must go further and one of the factors of stabilization by the creation of new forms of life, relationships, friendly treatment in society, art and culture, new forms to be established from our sexual choices, ethical and political. It is not only defend but also to affirm, not only with regard to identity, but in what refers to the creative.
- Many of the things he says remind feminist attempts to define one's own culture and language.
Yes, although I'm not sure that we create a culture itself. " We must create a culture, we must carry out cultural creations, but here we encounter the question 000de identity. Know how we insult the implementation of these creations and also the form it takes. As an example, I think the best form of literary creation that can be expected from the narrative gay homosexual.
· In fact, we never would have happened to speak. Would be leaving that we just avoid essentialism.
Certainly. What is meant by "homosexual painting?. However, I have no doubt that from of our sexual, ethical, we can create something that somehow has a connection with homosexuality, which should not be a mere translation of homosexuality in the field of music, painting, etc. mainly because I do not feasible.
· What is your opinion of the extraordinary growth in the last ten or fifteen years, male homosexual practices, the sensualization certain parts of the body, until now hidden or the emergence of new desires?. I am thinking, of course, the most striking aspects of what is known as the porn circuit, sadomasochistic rooms or fist-fucking? "This is a simple transposition, in another context, the general proliferation of discourses sexules since the nineteenth century or more a process than is typical of this particular historical context?
Indeed, what interests us most is about the innovations that carry these practices. We consider the sadomasochistic subculture, to use a phrase face our friend Gayle Rubin. I do not think at all that this multiplication of sexual practices save any regarding the revision or disclosure of sadomasochistic tendencies
hidden in the depths of our unconscious. Sadomasochism is much more, is the effective creation of new and unforeseen possibilities of pleasure. The belief that sadomasochism is associated with a latent violence, that their practice is a way to release that violence, unleashing aggression is one point less than stupid. It is well known that there is no aggressiveness in sadomasochistic practices lovers, inventing new possibilities of pleasure by making use of unused parts of the body, eroticized. It is a kind of creation, creative project, one of its outstanding notes is what I would call desexualization pleasure. The belief that physical pleasure comes simply from sexual pleasure and sexual pleasure is the basis of any possible pleasure is absolutely false. Sadomasochistic practices they prove is that we can procure pleasure from foreign objects, using unused parts of our body, nothing normal circumstances, etc.
· The identification of sex is for pleasure and overcome.
Right. The possibility of using our body as a source of a plurality of pleasures the utmost importance. If we stick to the traditional construction of pleasure, we found that physical and carnal pleasures are rooted forever in the drink, in food and sex. In my view, there bankrupt our intelligence body, the pleasures. It is exasperating, for example, not consider the drug problem rather than from the point of view of freedom or the prohibition. Drugs must be a cultural element.
· How source of pleasure?
Of course, as a source of pleasure. We know the drugs, drug testing, to produce good drugs , inducing intense pleasures. Puritanism that prevails in relation to drugs - a puritanism that requires to be in favor or against, is a mistake. Drugs are an integral part of our culture just as there is good and bad music, there are good and bad drugs. And just as it would be foolish to say we are against music, it's stupid to say that we are against drugs.
· is not pleased but to probe and all its possibilities.
Exactly. The pleasure should also be part of our culture. It is worth noting that for centuries, most people - also included doctors, psychiatrists and even liberation movements come
speaking of desire, never pleasure. "We must free our desire," they say. No!. We create new pleasures, perhaps then the desire arises.
· What meaning can be that some identities are formed based on new sexual practices such as sadomasochism?. These identities encourage exploration of new practices, preserving
full right of individuals to cultivate their identity. But do not limit their possibilities?
Here. If the identity is in a game, in a process for promoting social and sexual pleasure to identify new friendly ties, then it is useful. However, if the identity becomes the major problem of sexual life, if people believe that must discover his own identity and that this identity must be constructed in standard, principle and pattern of existence; if the question that continually made is: "I act according to my identity?", then recede into a kind of ethics similar to that of traditional heterosexual masculinity. If we have to rule on the question of identity, we have from our being unique. The relationships that we lock ourselves are not identity, but rather differentiation, creation and innovation. It is a nuisance to be always the same. We should not dismiss the identity through it if we get pleasure, but we should never claim that identity in universal ethical standard.
· But until now, sexual identity has been extremely useful in the political arena.
Yes, useful in the highest degree, but that identity constrains us and I have to me that we attended (which should assist us) the right to be free.
· We want some of our sexual practices are practices of resistance, political or social sense. How is this possible when the promotion of pleasure can lead to exercise domain? How can I be sure that there will be no exploitation of these new pleasures - and think about how advertising and promotion makes use of pleasure as an instrument of social control?
We can not give assurance that there will be no exploitation. In fact, it is sure to be some kind of exploitation of innovations, developments and progress of attainment, at one time or another, will be used in the conduct of the operation. It is the essence of life, struggle and human history: what does not, in my view, serious objection to these movements. But he has every reason in the world to the point that we must act with caution and full awareness of the fact that we have to move on, consider other needs. The ghetto of San Francisco S & M is a successful example of a community that develops the experience of pleasure. This segregation this identification, this process
marginalization, etc. also trigger feedback effects. I would not use the term dialectic but should not be far off.
· You hold that power is not only a negative force but also a productive force: that power is always present, where there is power there is resistance, that resistance is not outside the walls of power. "In this light, how to escape the conclusion we're stuck in that relationship that we have no escape possible?.
not really think the word caught is appropriate. It is a struggle, but my purpose to speak of power relations is to say that we, each other, in a strategic location. We as homosexuals are faced with the state and the state with us. In relation to the state, our struggle, of course, is not symmetric, the power situation is different, but participated in that struggle. Just as any of us to rise above the others that this situation continues to give rise to a pattern of conduct to provide guidance, positive or negative, to others. We are not caught, much less. Now, whenever we are in such situations, which means that we always have the possibility to change the situation, which always offers us this possibility. We can not remain outside the walls , unrelated to any power relationship. We can always alter this state of affairs. It was not my intention to say that we are trapped, but rather that we are free. In a word, which always remains the possibility of change.
· "The resistance will come from that kind of dynamic?
Note that if there was no resistance, there would be no power relations, because then everything would be limited to a mere question of obedience. Since the individual can not act freely, is forced to use the power relationships. The resistance comes first, the effects force changes in power relations. In my opinion, the term "resistance" than others, is cornerstone of this process.
Yeah, so I see things. Just say no is a way
resistance. However, at certain stages, it is of utmost importance. We must refuse to make such negative and a form of resistance determinant.
· Case raises the question of how and to what extent an individual - or single-subject to domain can articulate a own speech. In traditional power analysis, the pervasive element which is made from the analysis is the dominant discourse: the rest, the reactions to it, within it, above, are only children. However, if by "resistance" within power relations mean more than a mere denial would be fair to say that some practices, lesbian sadomasochism, without going
further-not rather than the way that subjects articulate their own language subject?
resistance is an element of the strategic relationship that is power. The impact resistance of the situation with which it faces. In the homosexual movement, the medical notion of homosexuality has been an extremely important tool to fight oppression that was the subject of homosexuality in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Such a process of medicalization, which was a means of oppression, was also an element of resistance because it could be argued: "If we are just sick at what your scorn and your convictions?", Etc. Of course, this discourse today seems to us extremely naive, but at that time was of tremendous significance.
For lesbians, the fact that women, I believe, been held for centuries socially isolated, truncated vitally marginalized in many ways, has provided a real opportunity to establish a social environment, to establish a specific type of social relationship, outside of the masculine world. Lilian Faderman's book "Surpassing The Love of Men" is, in this way, extremely interesting. Raises the question of determining the kind of emotional experience, relationships which could be verified in a field in which women had no social power, legal or political and concludes that women have taken advantage of this isolation and the absence of power.
· If the resistance is the process to get rid of discursive practices,
could say that lesbian sadomasochism is a practice that, prima facie, more legitimacy can be described as practices of resistance. To what extent these practices and these identities can be regarded as a replica of the dominant discourse?
The most interesting of lesbian sadomasochism is achieved
divest certain female stereotypes present in the lesbian movement, a strategy developed lesbians in the past. Strategy was based on the oppression of lesbians and were subject to the movement used to fight this oppression. At present, these elements are outdated. Lesbian sadomasochism is to discard all outdated stereotypes of femininity, the negative attitudes towards men, etc..
· In your opinion, which may reveal sobre el poder - y además sobre el placer las prácticas sadomasoquistas cuya esencia es la erotización expresa del poder?
El sadomasoquismo, como bien dice, es la erotización del poder, la erotización de las relaciones estratégicas. Lo más chocante del sadomasoquismo son sus abismales diferencias con el poder social. El poder se caracteriza porque constituye una relación estrategica que reside en las instituciones. La movilidad, dentro de las relaciones de poder, es sumamente reducida; ciertos bastiones son de todo punto inexpugnables porque se han
institucionalizado, porque tienen un influjo perceptible en los courts, in legislation. Interindividual strategic relations are characterized by extreme rigidity.
Sadomasochism is in this way, very interesting because despite being a strategic relationship is characterized by its flexibility. There are obviously two papers but everyone knows that these roles are interchangeable. Sometimes, early in the game one is the master and the other is the slave and the end who was a slave becomes the master. Or even when the roles are permanent, the actors are well aware that
is a game, and standards are met and there is an agreement, tacit or express laying down certain limits. This set of strategies is of great interest as a source of physical pleasure. But I dare say that this is a repetition in the sphere of the erotic relationship of the power structure. Is a representation of power structures through a set of strategies capable of providing a physical or sexual pleasure.
· "What are the differences between this set of strategies in sexuality and power relations?
The practice of sadomasochism ends by introducing a pleasure, which in turn gives rise to an identity, why sadomasochism is a real subculture, is an inventive process. Sadomasochism is the use of a strategic relationship as a source of pleasure (physical pleasure), a fact that of making use of strategic relationships to provide pleasure, that has occurred on other occasions. Already in the Middle Ages
In this case, strategic relationships are clearly social relations that affect the individual as a member of society, while in the other what is at issue is the body. The interest lies precisely in the transposition of strategic relations pass of the plane body ritual sexual.
· In an interview with you one or two years ago the magazine "Gai Pied" said that what most disturbed relations not so much gay sex as the possibility of developing relationships that do not conform to regulatory schemes, that is, links and friendly treatment known before. Do you think that society fears ignored the virtues of homosexual or
perhaps these are seen as a direct threat to social institutions?
Currently, the question of friendship captures my attention. Since ancient times, the friendship has been a fundamental relationship, a social relationship within which individuals had some leeway with some choice (limited, no doubt) that allowed them to experience extremely intense emotional relationships. The friendship also had economic and social implications - the person was required to help the friends, etc. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is disappearing this kind of friendship, at least in society male, and is becoming something different. Since the sixteenth century, are written in explicitly criticizing the friendship, seen as a source of danger.
The army, bureaucracy, administration, universities, schools, etc .- in the sense that these terms are now-are an obstacle to such intense friendships. In all these institutions, we see considerable activity to reduce or weaken these relationships, notably in schools. One of the most pressing problems that arise, when new schools, which had to go hundreds of children, was to prevent not only have physical relationships, but even he befriended. To this end, it would be extremely interesting to analyze the strategy of the Jesuits in their establishments, which, after checking the impossibility of friendship ring, tried to control different functions simultaneously they had sex, love, friendship, to to limit its effects. Having examined the history of sexuality, we should try to explain the story of a friendship or friendships in the plural, a story that would prove very interesting.
One hypothesis, whose verification does not arise if you try, no difficulty, is homosexuality (ie, sex between two men) became problematic after the eighteenth century: it conflicts with the police, with the law. And the reason of this social conflict is that friendship, at this time disappeared. While friendship was valuable, as was socially acceptable, it was irrelevant that the men had sex with each other. Not trying to say that did not exist, but simply did not matter. Since I had no social involvement was socially accepted. That are delivered to each other or kiss that was irrelevant, completely irrelevant. Once the relationship disappears as culturally friendly accepted, the question arises: But what men do together? and the problem appears. Today two men practicing intercourse or sexual relations is felt as a problem. I think that saying that the demise of friendship as a social relationship and that homosexuality is presented as a social, political or medical, is part of the process.
· While the important thing now is to explore the new possibilities of friendship, we can not overlook the fact that all institutions are designed to foster social relationships and heterosexual structures at the expense of homosexuals. "Our actions should aim to establish new relationships, new values, family structures, no?. All structures and institutions own
of monogamy and the traditional mint family are denied to homosexuals. What kind of institutions we must begin to establish not
only defense but also to create new social forms which constitute an effective alternative?
What institutions?. It puts me in a bind. Since then, I think that would be completely counterproductive to play in this area and this kind of friendship or family model of the institutions of the family. We appreciate, however, that certain types of relationships that do not have any protection are often at the same time richer, more interesting and more creative than the social relations of the family. Naturally they are also much more fragile and vulnerable. This is a major issue, yet I can not answer satisfactorily. Answering that question is a question of all.
- How how gay liberation project must be a project that, far from limited to draw a route, planning to open new avenues for development?. In other words, does your conception of sexual strategy replaces the programs for the invitation to experience new kinds of relationships?
· One of the major lessons learned since the last world war has been the complete failure of all social and political agendas. We have proven time and again that nothing happens as predicted by political agendas and that they always or almost always led to abuse of the rule of one group, either technical, bureaucratic or otherwise. In my opinion, one of the most important achievements of the sixties and seventies is that certain institutional models have been tested without following programs, which does not mean that it should be blindly or without the collaboration of thought. In France, for example, has been criticized in recent years that the various political movement towards sexual freedom, prisons, nature, etc., No programs. For my part, I think the absence of software, not to be identified with the absence of reflection about events or to a concern that has no chance, can be enormously profitable, innovative and creative.
Since the nineteenth century, the most important political institutions and major political parties have been taking over the political process, that is, have tried to give the political establishment as appropriate program for the best of it . We must maintain the gains of the sixties and early seventies. In particular, must be maintained, irrespective of political parties and programs to use a form of political innovation. Nobody can deny that from the sixties, the people's daily life has changed and my life is proof of that. Change that, obviously, not due to the political parties, but a number of other movements. These social movements have changed
effectively our life, our attitudes and our attitudes and mindsets and attitudes of people not related or unrelated to these movements, which is extremely important and positive. Again, no
are outdated traditional stamp political organizations that have given rise to this review.
English Translation of Luis Cayo Pérez Bueno.
0 comments:
Post a Comment